The Old Lady have named previous Italian national team boss the veteran manager as their manager for the rest of the term.
The experienced coach takes over from Igor Tudor, who was sacked after the Serie A side's defeat by Lazio last weekend.
Tudor had joined the club in March to replace Thiago Motta but left after seven months following a string of eight matches without a victory.
Spalletti guided Napoli to the Serie A crown in 2022-23 prior to assuming the Italy role, which missed out on the 2022 World Cup during Roberto Mancini's tenure.
He secured their spot in Euro 2024 exiting in the last 16 stage against Switzerland.
However, Spalletti was sacked by Italy in June post a qualifying defeat against Norway, putting Italy in danger of missing a third straight World Cup.
Spalletti has also managed Inter Milan, Roma and Udinese in Serie A and lifted the Russian league trophy twice while at Zenit St Petersburg.
Massimo Brambilla took interim charge of Juventus during the 3-1 victory over Udinese on Wednesday placing them seventh in the Serie A standings - six points behind leaders Napoli after nine games.
Their Champions League campaign sees them in 25th place in the group stage, having lost once and drawn twice in their opening three matches.
